Biodegradable Device

#Electricalpulses speed up #nerveregeneration in rats. Biodegradable device delivers electrical stimulation to peripheral nerves to kick start nerve regrowth and enhance muscle recovery. Participate and Submit Related #abstracts of your talks at: biomaterials.euroscicon.com

Biomaterials & Medical Applications (BMA) is a peer-reviewed scholarly journal, a new frontier among the Material Sciences Journals; aims to publish the most complete and reliable source of information on the current research advancements of Biomaterials Sciences. The Journal mainly promotes the novel emerging Biomaterial applications to Medical Sciences like Biomaterials, Tissue Engineering, Regenerative Medicine, Bionanotechnology, developing medical devices, implants, nanomaterials, bioengineering materials, 3D Printing in Medicine, materials science, biomedical applications, Mechanical Engineering, and diagnostic systems.

Biomaterials

Biomaterials are biocompatible,non toxic, non carcinogenic,non immunogenic and non tetratogenic synthetic substance with adequate physical and mechanical properties used widely in medical applications to augment or replace a natural body function(therapeutic uses)that can be implanted or partially implanted or used as totally external devices. Medical applications include drug delivery,clinical therapies, regenerative medicines,tissue engineering,implantable devices.

Biomaterials in Drug Delivery

Drug delivery decribes the formulations or technologies of transfering or administering a drug or pharmaceutical product in desired amount inside the body to achieve the desired therapeutic effect.It should be safe and reliable with proper dosage.Drug release is from diffusion, degradation, swelling, and affinity-based mechanisms. The rapid growth of nanoscale materials led the existance of injectable targeted drug delivery systems in the form of inserts (vaginal,ophthalmic), implants (intramuscular),topical(skin patches), surface coated (oral tablets),injected nanocarrier ( polymer-drug conjugates) etc.

Bioelectrodes and Biosensors

Bioelectrodes are sensors used to transmit information into or out of the bodyand are mainly applied in cardiology and neurology applications. Surface or transcutaneous electrodes used to monitor or measure electrical events in the body. A biosensor uses biological molecules, tissues, organisms to measure chemical or biochemical concentrations. Biosensors can be used in many medical and non-medical applications. Biomedical sensors detect simple physical parameters like blood pressure or temperature to blood glucose. Biosensors works by changing the pH, ions, blood gases (O2, CO2 and etc.), drugs, hormones, proteins, viruses, bacteria, tumors and etc.

Tissue Engineering

Tissue engineering utilizes the living cells along with engineering methods and suitable biocompatible and physiochemical factors for improving or replacing biological tissues(blader,skin,muscles,blood vessels,bone,cartilages).It mainly involves the use of a scaffold for the formation of new viable tissue for a medical purpose. It performs specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver).

Orthopedic Bio-materials

Orthopedic biomaterials are implantable devices acting as substitutes for the injured or damaged tissues such as bone,cartilages,joints,ligaments,tendons so as to perform the regular biological functions at ease. These include hip-knee joint replacements,spine implants, bone allografts etc. These are biocompatabile,non toxic and non immunogenic synthetic substances.

Cardiovascular Implantable Devices

Cardiovascular is the study related to the circulatory system that includes functioning of heart and blood vessels (artery,capillaries,veins and veinule),oxygen transport ,carbon dioxide and waste elimination ,blood pumping,Circulatory loops(pulmonary circulation loop and Systemic circulation loop),Coronary circulation,Hepatic portal circulation,heart chambers,heart valves,auricle and ventricle,blood(RBC,WBC,Platelets,plasma). Cardiovascular diseases is the leading cause of death in most of the developed countries.In cardiovascular applications biomaterials can be used as heart valves,cardiac pacemaker, stent grafts,vascular grafts,blood vessel prostheses that improves cardiac function. These are biocompatible and non hazardous to human body.

Dental Restorative Materials

Dental practises is the healing arts concerned with the teeth and associated structures of the oral cavity, including prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease and restoration of defective or missing teeth e.g., the restoration of tooth crowns and bridges, root replacements and surgical procedures performed in and about the oral cavity. Dental restorative materials can be used for both long and short term applications. The biomaterials should be biocompatible, bond and match permanently with tooth structure,exhibit similar properties a sthat of tooth enamel and dentin along with other tissues,capable of initiating tissue repair.

Wound Healing and Skin Regeneration

Wound healing and skin regeneration deals with the structure and function, restoration of injured or diseased tissues.The healing processes include blood clotting, tissue mending, scarring, and bone healing. The biomaterials should be biocampatible, non carcinogenic, painless, inexpensive, bacterials resistant, easily applicable,non antigenic and long shelf life.It covers the studies and research related to cellular and molecular biology, connective tissue, and biological mediator studies in the field of tissue repair and regeneration.

Regenerative Medicine

Regenerative medicine restores the structure and functionality of the damaged tissues and organs. It works on the regeneration of body parts and organs from a person's own cells and tissues. This eliminates the tissue rejection concept.It covers cell based regenerative therapies,stem cell transplantation,fetal stem cells,cancer stem cells,bone marrow stem cells etc.

Ophthalmics Implants

Ophthalmics is the study related to eye tissue.The tissues of the eye can suffer from several diseases, leading to reduced vision and eventually blindness. Ophthalmics implants are the biomaterials which are used mainly in contact lenses,intraocular lenses,glaucoma shunts,Ophthalmic viscosurgical device,retinal prostheses etc. Intralocular lenses is mostly made of PMM,silicone,elastomer and good vision is restored immediately after the insertion of lens.

3-D bioprinting technologies in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine: Current and future trends

Elliot S.Bishop^abSamiMostafa^cMikhailPakvasa^cHue H.Luu^bMichael J.Lee^bJennifer MoriatisWolf^bGuillermo A.Ameer^deTong-ChuanHe^bRussell R.Reid^a

Abstract

Advances in three-dimensional (3D) printing have increased feasibility towards the synthesis of living tissues. Known as 3D bioprinting, this technology involves the precise layering of cells, biologic scaffolds, and growth factors with the goal of creating bioidentical tissue for a variety of uses. Early successes have demonstrated distinct advantages over conventional tissue engineering strategies. Not surprisingly, there are current challenges to address before 3D bioprinting becomes clinically relevant. Here we provide an overview of 3D bioprinting technology and discuss key advances, clinical applications, and current limitations. While 3D bioprinting is a relatively novel tissue engineering strategy, it holds great potential to play a key role in personalized medicine.

Bioengineers imagine the future of vaccines and immunotherapy

#biomaterials #biomedical #biomedicalengineering #tissue #3dprinting

#tissueengineering #regenerativemedicine #researchers

Call For Abstracts

Biosystems - Biotechnology - Therapeutics Immunoengineering with Biomaterials for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy

Biomaterials are engineered natural or artificial materials that are designed for various biomedical applications. These materials can be designed to deliver therapeutics specifically to the diseased tissues or cells at the right timing and doses. Recently, a large number of novel biomaterials have been utilized to focus immunotherapies specifically in tumor tissues or related immune cells and thus enhance the therapeutic effect while mitigating the toxicities of cancer immunotherapies. Such efforts have given rise to an emerging field of research, called immunoengineering, which aims to precisely control the immune responses using biomaterial engineering approaches. Applying immunoengineering approaches in cancer treatment has led to the development of a number of promising novel strategies in cancer immunotherapies.

WIREs Authors

Cancer immunotherapy is an emerging treatment that harnesses the power of a patient’s own immune system to fight cancer. Immunotherapy has recently shown dramatic clinical success inducing long-term survival of patients of various cancers. Due to the unprecedented therapeutic effect in advanced-stage cancers, this therapy is fast transforming the standard-of-care for many cancer patients.

Although promising, there are several pressing challenges facing cancer immunotherapy that limit its full therapeutic potential in the clinic. One of the major challenges is the fact that only a small fraction of treated patients respond to immunotherapy. Another major challenge is the immune-related toxicity that is often associated with efficacious immunotherapies.

In a review article in WIREs Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology titled, “Immunoengineering with biomaterials for enhanced cancer immunotherapy”, Xie, Wei, and Tang provide an overview of the state of the art in engineering biomaterials for enhanced cancer immunotherapy. They first discuss how biomaterials are designed to enhance various modalities of cancer immunotherapies by showing a number of recent examples, including cell-, antibody-, immunomodulator-, and gene-based immune-related treatments and their combinations with conventional therapies. Challenges and opportunities are also discussed in applying biomaterials engineering strategies in the development of future cancer immunotherapies.

Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering

TISSUE ENGINEERING

Tissue Engineering